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醫(yī)學(xué)參考文獻(xiàn)
參考文獻(xiàn)【1】
[1] 雷激,張明秋,黃承鈺,白琳,何中虎. 用體外消化/Caco-2細(xì)胞模型觀察維生素C和檸檬酸對(duì)鐵生物利用的影響[J]. 南方醫(yī)科大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào). 2008(10)
[2] 鄔向東,李平華,陳如圣,全炳昭,羅軍榮. 牛初乳中乳鐵蛋白的分離純化及其抗菌活性研究[J]. 江西畜牧獸醫(yī)雜志. 2011(01)
[3] 高東雁. 丹參酚酸磷脂復(fù)合物及其自乳化給藥系統(tǒng)研究[D]. 復(fù)旦大學(xué) 2009
[4] 雷激,張明秋,張勇,黃承鈺,白琳. 體外消化/Caco-2細(xì)胞模型評(píng)價(jià)面粉鋅生物利用率[J]. 食品科學(xué). 2011(01)
[5] 哈卓,趙麗麗,于曉旭,宗曉淋,毛雅元,張健,李一經(jīng),葛俊偉,喬薪瑗,唐麗杰. 重組豬乳鐵蛋白N端的高效表達(dá)及抑菌活性檢測(cè)[J]. 生物工程學(xué)報(bào). 2010(04)
[6] 張明秋,王康寧,雷激,岳向峰,謝傳曉,黃承鈺. 體外消化/Caco-2細(xì)胞模型評(píng)價(jià)鐵生物強(qiáng)化玉米鐵生物利用率[J]. 營(yíng)養(yǎng)學(xué)報(bào). 2009(06)
[7] 陳歷俊,姜鐵民編著.乳鐵蛋白生物功能及基因表達(dá)[M]. 科學(xué)出版社, 2007
[8] 繆明星,袁玉國(guó),安禮友,趙俊輝,柏亞軍,郭磊,成勇. 轉(zhuǎn)基因小鼠乳汁中重組人乳鐵蛋白的提取與抗菌活性分析[J]. 農(nóng)業(yè)生物技術(shù)學(xué)報(bào). 2009(03)
[9] 楊鵬華,倪鳳娥. 常乳中牛乳鐵蛋白的純化及抗菌活性研究[J]. 安徽農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué). 2009(16)
[10] 雷激,黃承鈺,張勇,張明秋,白琳. 體外消化/Caco-2細(xì)胞方法評(píng)價(jià)富鐵小麥生物利用率[J]. 衛(wèi)生研究. 2009(02)
[11] 崔淑霞. 長(zhǎng)春西汀自微乳化給藥系統(tǒng)及其固體化制劑的設(shè)計(jì)與評(píng)價(jià)[D]. 沈陽(yáng)藥科大學(xué) 2009
醫(yī)學(xué)論文參考文獻(xiàn)格式【2】
引用的參考文獻(xiàn)應(yīng)該經(jīng)過(guò)挑選
隨著醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)事業(yè)的不斷發(fā)展和進(jìn)步,醫(yī)學(xué)文獻(xiàn)的數(shù)量和種類不斷增加。作者在選用參考文獻(xiàn)的時(shí)候需要經(jīng)過(guò)篩選,需要用自己的知識(shí)和鑒別能力、,從眾多的相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)中挑選出科學(xué)的、有說(shuō)服力的、有代表性的文獻(xiàn)。如國(guó)不嚴(yán)格篩選,可能會(huì)得出錯(cuò)誤的結(jié)果,不僅誤了自己,也可能會(huì)誤導(dǎo)讀者。
按照循證醫(yī)學(xué)(evidence.basednedicin)的思想,匯總分析(metaInalysis)的證據(jù)等級(jí)是很高的。即便如此,如果沒(méi)有嚴(yán)格的綜述(review)設(shè)計(jì),匯總的是眾多設(shè)計(jì)不嚴(yán)密、結(jié)果不可靠的文獻(xiàn),結(jié)果很可能事與愿違。因此,作者參考和引用文獻(xiàn)時(shí),需選擇,不可隨意引用。
引用的參考文獻(xiàn)應(yīng)該仔細(xì)核對(duì)
對(duì)擬選用的參考文獻(xiàn)要什細(xì)核對(duì),以免出差錯(cuò)。不僅在文字和著錄格式上要核對(duì),在內(nèi)容上;也要與原文核對(duì)。作者對(duì)選用的參考文獻(xiàn),應(yīng)逐一閱讀。以正確理解作者的本意。
筆者曾經(jīng)處理過(guò)一篇綜述,文后大約有20余條英文參考文獻(xiàn),經(jīng)上網(wǎng)核查,其中18條有差錯(cuò)。差錯(cuò)的種類大致如下:①作者姓名引用錯(cuò)誤:按照醫(yī)學(xué)期刊一般的要求,應(yīng)光標(biāo)國(guó)外作者的姓,再標(biāo)其名字的首字母、如BillClinton,應(yīng)標(biāo)為“Clinton B”。有些作者常把國(guó)外作者的名和姓顛倒了。②單詞拼寫錯(cuò)誤這種差錯(cuò)多為作者粗心大意,或者因沒(méi)有與原文核對(duì),而是通過(guò)轉(zhuǎn)引所致。③頁(yè)碼有誤,或者只標(biāo)起頁(yè)未標(biāo)止頁(yè)。④增刊沒(méi)有顯示出來(lái)。5則書籍未標(biāo)出版社的地址等。
以上例子說(shuō)明,作者對(duì)引用的參考文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行認(rèn)真核對(duì)是十分必要的,是對(duì)讀者負(fù)責(zé),也是對(duì)自己負(fù)責(zé)。
引用的參考文獻(xiàn)要忠實(shí)于原文
因?yàn)槭且脛e人的文獻(xiàn),作者無(wú)權(quán)更改原作者的本意,只需向讀者介。介紹原作者使用的方法、得出的結(jié)果和結(jié)論等。作者可以對(duì)原作者使用的方法、得出的結(jié)果和結(jié)論等發(fā)表看法,但不能肆意更改,不管是故意的,還是無(wú)意的。
要想忠實(shí)于原文,最好的辦法就是用之前仔細(xì)閱讀原文,正確理解作者的本意,盡量不要轉(zhuǎn)引,以免以訛傳訛,損害原作者、讀者,還有自己。
應(yīng)注意參考文獻(xiàn)的著錄格式
因參考文獻(xiàn)的著錄格人各刊不盡 相同,投稿前作者應(yīng)注意雜志稿約的有關(guān)規(guī)定,至少得先看看有關(guān)期刊發(fā)表的論文的參考文獻(xiàn)是如何標(biāo)注的,以了解有關(guān)期刊的參考文獻(xiàn)的著錄格式,以免出錯(cuò)。
很遺憾,在實(shí)際工作中筆者發(fā)現(xiàn),有不少作者投來(lái)的稿件書寫格式包括參考文獻(xiàn)的著錄格式與雜志所要求的不同。坦率地講,編輯和審稿專家也是人, 工作中多少也有感情因素。如果拿到手中的是一篇書寫格式不合要求的文章,別的暫且不論,就書寫格式不規(guī)范這一條,就足以給編輯留下不好的印象,甚至讓編輯做出退稿的決定。就算最后沒(méi)有被退稿,此類稿件較書寫格式規(guī)范的稿件被錄用的可能性大大降低。
其實(shí)作者犯的是一個(gè)很低級(jí)的錯(cuò)誤,讓編輯很自然地聯(lián)想到,該作者不太尊重期刊,還有期刊的編輯以及審稿專家。因此,作者在投稿前一定要注意期刊參考文獻(xiàn)的著錄方式,以免產(chǎn)生不必要的負(fù)面影響。其實(shí),并不復(fù)雜,只要,稍稍留意即可。
附:中華醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)系列雜志參考文獻(xiàn)的著錄格式
中華醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)系列雜志有固定的參考文獻(xiàn)著錄格式,但即便是同一種期刊,不同種類的參考文獻(xiàn)的著錄格式不相同。下面列出作者經(jīng)常使用的發(fā)表在期刊和書籍中的文獻(xiàn)的著錄格式。
期刊
1.期刊不分卷:只需列出作者、題、刊名、發(fā)表年份、期序和起止頁(yè);即叮。如: Turanl, WredmarkFellander-TsalL. Arthroscoplc ankle athrodesls In rheumatoid arthritis.CI. Orthop,1995,(320):110.114.
2.期刊分卷,連續(xù)編頁(yè)碼;除了作者、文題、刊名、發(fā)表年份和起止頁(yè)碼外,還要標(biāo)卷,但無(wú)須標(biāo)期。如;鄧偉吾。走出應(yīng)用抗菌藥物治療誤區(qū)。中華結(jié)核和呼吸雜志,2002,25:705~706
3.期刊分卷,每期單獨(dú)編頁(yè)碼:需要同時(shí)標(biāo)注卷和期。如汪國(guó)華,馬進(jìn)季適東,等。急性出血壞死性胰腺炎的手術(shù)治療。中級(jí)醫(yī)刊, 1995, 30( 8):22~25.
4.期刊無(wú)卷和期:無(wú)法標(biāo)注卷有期,只標(biāo)年份、如 Browed DA, LennardTW.Immunologlc status of the cancerPatients and the effects of blood transfu-slon on antltUmoryaponses.CurroplnGenSUYg, 1993:325~333.
5.卷的增刊:需在卷后標(biāo)注“增刊”(中文)或“SPPPI”(英文)字樣。如: Clyde WA Jr. Clinical overview oftyplcalMycoplasma pneomonlae infections Clin Infect Dis,1993,17 Suppl l:532~536.
6.期的增刊:需在期后標(biāo)注“增刊”(中文)或“SUpd”(英文)字樣。如 Pnyne DK, Sullivan MD, Massie MJ.Women‘s psychological reactlons to bfCast cancer.Semin Oncol, 1996,23(ISuPPIZ):89-97
7.卷中分部:需在卷后標(biāo)注分部。如: Ozben T, Nacitarhan S, Tuncer N.Plasma and unne slallc acid In non-Insu-lin dCpendent diabetes mellitus Ann ClinBiochem, 1995, 32(Pt3): 303.306.
8.期中分冊(cè):需標(biāo)注分冊(cè)。如:Poole GH, Mills SM. One hundred con-secutive cases of flap lateraDons ofthelegin aging patients N Z Med J,1994,107(986Ptl):377. 378.
9.作者未署名:11)不標(biāo)作者。如: Cancer insouth Africa〔editoriall.S Afr MedJ, 1994,84:15.
10.期刊中譯文格式如下He FJ,MacGregor GA.鉀的益處。朱形瑩,譯。英國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)雜志中文版。2O02,5:84~87.
書籍
1.專著:需注明作者、書名、出版社及其地址、出版年份和起止頁(yè)碼等。
例1(中文):戴自英,劉欲昆,汪復(fù)。主編實(shí)用抗菌藥物學(xué)。第2版上 ?茖W(xué)技術(shù)出版社,1998.76~78.
例 2英文): Guyatt G, Rennle D. Users‘guides to the medical literature-Chicago: AMA PrCss,2002.393.400.
3.專著中析出文獻(xiàn):例1(中文):蔡映云。濕化治療與霧化治療。見(jiàn)羅慰慈,主編北京:人民軍醫(yī)出版社,1997362~365.
例 2(英文): LIVOTffiofO DM;Williams JD.B-lactamsmode of actionand mechanisms of bacterlal resistance.gill:LOflapV,Cd.Alltiblot1CSifilsbofs-tory medicine.4th ed.Baltimore:Will.flains&Wilkins,1996.502.578.
參考文獻(xiàn)【3】
[1] 陳曉蘭,劉文,張永萍,繆艷燕,劉毅. 開(kāi)設(shè)相關(guān)選修課對(duì)中醫(yī)藥院校大學(xué)生飲食行為影響的調(diào)查報(bào)告[J]. 貴陽(yáng)中醫(yī)學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào). 2014(04)
[2] 藍(lán)蕾,邱霞,劉劍英. 軍隊(duì)在職干部營(yíng)養(yǎng)KAP與健康狀況調(diào)查及相關(guān)性分析[J]. 中國(guó)療養(yǎng)醫(yī)學(xué). 2014(06)
[3] 周海秋. 中國(guó)農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老的可行性研究[D]. 吉林大學(xué) 2009
[4] 牛潔. 不同山藥營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分分析及品質(zhì)鑒定[D]. 內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué) 2010
[5] 路宗志. 古代食物本草性能的研究[D]. 北京中醫(yī)藥大學(xué) 2008
[6] 盧化柱,蔣淼,朱紅云. 幾部重要食物本草文獻(xiàn)概述[J]. 中藥與臨床. 2013(05)
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[8] 王崢,孫皎,韓維嘉,白姣姣,賀敏霞,陳麗榕,李敏. 老年糖尿病腎病患者膳食知識(shí)認(rèn)知狀況的調(diào)查分析[J]. 上海護(hù)理. 2014(03)
[9] 宋學(xué)岐,劉海青. 黑木耳對(duì)中老年療養(yǎng)員高脂血癥的干預(yù)效果[J]. 實(shí)用醫(yī)藥雜志. 2014(05)
[10] 聶翠芳. 1661名農(nóng)村中老年人健康狀況調(diào)查及健康教育效果分析[D]. 青島大學(xué) 2010
[11] 張迪. 對(duì)中醫(yī)院腫瘤患者食療行為及飲食知識(shí)需求的調(diào)查結(jié)果分析[J]. 當(dāng)代醫(yī)藥論叢. 2014(02)
[12] 周巧玲. 西部農(nóng)村養(yǎng)老問(wèn)題及模式選擇研究[D]. 蘭州大學(xué) 2010
[13] 申潤(rùn)喜. 《太平圣惠方》食療方劑的研究[D]. 北京中醫(yī)藥大學(xué) 2013
[14] 朱麗瑤. 《本草品匯精要》食物文獻(xiàn)的研究[D]. 北京中醫(yī)藥大學(xué) 2011
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醫(yī)學(xué)畢業(yè)論文參考文獻(xiàn)【4】
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