初中英語從句知識點總結(jié)

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初中英語從句知識點總結(jié)

　　在我們上學(xué)期間，大家對知識點應(yīng)該都不陌生吧？知識點就是掌握某個問題、知識的學(xué)習(xí)要點。為了幫助大家掌握重要知識點，下面是小編為大家收集的初中英語從句知識點總結(jié)，希望能夠幫助到大家。

初中英語從句知識點總結(jié)

　　初中英語從句知識點總結(jié) 1

　　從句分為定語從句，狀語從句和名詞從句三大類。定語從句又分為限定性和非限定性從句兩種，由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)，修飾主句的某個成分。狀語從句分為時間、結(jié)果、讓步、原因、條件及行為方式狀語從句。名詞從句包括主語、賓語、表語和同位語從句及there be句型。

　　1.定語從句

　　限定性定語從句中that可代表人和事，而which只代表事;二者在從句中作主語或賓語。that作賓語時�？墒÷�，which則不能，而且其后的“不及物動詞+介詞’’中的介詞不能省略。which作賓語時，先行詞與which之間的介詞不能省。例如：

　　1.The first doll that could say“mama”was invented in 1830.

　　2.The second half of his voyage was by far the more dangerous part，during which he sailed round the Cape Horn.

　　代表a11，anything，something，nothing，much等詞時，用that而不用which，that作賓語可省略。例如：

　　1.I care anything that has something to do with it.

　　2.Youd better do something he prefers to do to please him.

　　3.That is the last time we met each other.

　　4.I came across the woman you told me about yesterday.

　　who和whom引導(dǎo)的從句用來修飾人，分別作從句的主語和賓語。where是關(guān)系副詞，用于表示地點的定語從句，而when用來表示時間。whose是關(guān)系代詞，修飾名詞作定語。例如：

　　1.Henry Ford is the person who is most responsible for developing the idea of mass production.

　　2.The knee is the joint where the thigh bone meets the large bone of the lower leg.

　　3.The next morning, when she came down to breakfast , Mary was beaming with the pleasure of a new，great discovery.

　　4.The visiting professor is a famous scientist whose son studies in my department.

　　在下列情況，限定性定語從句的關(guān)系代詞可以省略：

　　1)當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語或表語;或它們在從句中作介詞的賓語，而該介詞又在句末時;

　　2)當(dāng)先行詞是that，all，only，everything，something，nothing等代詞時，或先行詞前有一個最高級形容詞修飾時;

　　3)當(dāng)先行詞前有only，any，all，first，no，last等修飾時，或先行詞就是time，moment，way(anyway)，direction，distance等名詞時，關(guān)系代詞即可省略。例如：

　　1.The delegation we had been waiting for finally arrived.

　　2.I met the woman you told me about.

　　3.She gave me all she could afford.

　　4.With TV we can see things happen almost at the exact moment they are happening.

　　非限定性定語從句，其作用為：對所修飾的成分作進(jìn)一步的說明，它與主句用逗號隔開。此類從句省略后其余部分仍可成立。在非限定性定語從句中，which可代表前面的整個句子;代表人時只能用who，whom，而不能用that;as也可用作關(guān)系代詞。例如：

　　1.The telephone，as we know，was the invention of Alexander Graham Bell.

　　2.The Little White House in Warm Springs was the Georgia home President 3.Franklin D.Roosevelt，who died there on April 12，1945.

　　4.Living in a damp house for a long time is harmful to one’s health，which is known to everyone.

　　2.狀語從句

　　狀語從句可分為：時間狀語從句(主要由when，whenever，after，before，a5，slnce，once，assoonas，Until，while等連詞引導(dǎo))，結(jié)果狀語從句(由so…that和such…that連接)，讓步狀語從句(由though，although, no matter，even if, however，whatever等詞引導(dǎo))，原因狀語從句(由as，because，since和for引導(dǎo))，條件狀語從句(由if, whether，as long as，provided that等詞引導(dǎo))，地點狀語從句(由where引導(dǎo))，行為方式狀語從句(由as引導(dǎo))。有時條件狀語從句中，主句不可以用將來時，而用一般時代替。例如：

　　1.The small greenish flowers of the elm tree appear in the Spring, long before the leaves grow.

　　2.QiongYaos novels used to be so popular that her books appeared on best-seller lists.

　　3.Gas balloon is less safe than hot balloon because it may catch fire.

　　4.Uniform acceleration (同樣的加速) occurs if the rate of change remains the same over successive equal intervals of time.

　　5.Thousands of Chinese college students went to the US Consulate 6.Shanghai，where they protested NATOs bombing at Chinas Embassy in Yugoslavia.

　　狀語從句中的 “主語+be”可以省略，前提是：從句主語和主句主語一致，且從句謂語“be”省略后的結(jié)構(gòu)為“連詞+現(xiàn)在分詞/過去分詞介詞短語/形容詞/名詞短語”。) 例如：

　　1.When well fitted, glasses can correct most sight defects in healthy eyes.

　　2.If necessary，I would like to see you in your office.

　　3.Although seriously wounded，he never complained.

　　3.名詞從句

　　名詞從句包括主語從句、賓語從句，其中有介詞與形容詞的賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。

　　1)主語從句

　　主語從句常出現(xiàn)在it is+名詞、形容詞、分詞+主語從句”的形式中。例如：

　　1.It is reported that Taiwanese pop singer Meng Tingwei will hold a solo concert in Shanghai someday this month.

　　2.It must be pointed out that you have failed to meet the deadline.

　　3.It usually happened that I was late because of traffic jams.

　　主語從句還可用when，where，how，why，whether等連接副詞，和who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever等連接代詞來引起。例如：

　　1.How to arrange the meeting is not your task.

　　2.Whose candidate will win the election is the question both political parties are asking.

　　3.When I leave is my own decision.

　　4.Whoever will go to the party wont change my mind of staying at home.

　　2)賓語從句

　　賓語從句可由that, 疑問代詞或副詞how，why和where等引出。例如：

　　1.To postpone the conference until next month indicated that they were unprepared.

　　2.Nearly a11 the staff agreed with what I said.

　　3.Everyone worried about her because no one was aware of where she had gone.

　　4.Could you offer more details except that it happened at night?

　　由what，whether，how引導(dǎo)的賓語從句可用在介詞后，而由that引導(dǎo)的從句只跟but，besides，except，in, save之后。例如：

　　1.I can hardly believe in what they have done.

　　2.He doesn’t know my phone number except that the city code is 021.

　　一些表語性的形容詞，如：alarmed，amazed，annoyed，astonished, certain，confident, disappointed, glad, pleased, proud, sad, shocked, sure, surprised, worried, ect.做表語時，后面可跟由that, how等引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。例如：

　　1.I was amazed how he could pass the exam without attending the lectures.

　　2.He is confident that he will pass the Band 6 examination.

　　3.She was surprised how simple his problem is.

　　4.We are all pleased that he will be able to pass the final examination.

　　3)表語從句

　　表語從句對主語的內(nèi)容起解釋和闡述的作用;若表語從句用that引起，that起連接作用，不能省略。b表語從句也可用連接詞how，when，where，why，what引起。由because引起的表語從句通常只用在“this/that/it is because” 結(jié)構(gòu)中。例如：

　　1.A logarithm(對數(shù)) is what is known in algebra exponent(代數(shù)的指數(shù)).

　　2.One thing I admire most about them is that they are hospitable.

　　3.She works too hard;That is why she is exhausted.

　　4.I must point out that where you intend to build a super-market is where the elderly do exercise every day.

　　4)同位語從句

　　同位語從句是由兩個或兩個以上同一層次語言單位組成的結(jié)構(gòu)，其中前項與后項所指相同，句法功能相同。同位語從句由that引導(dǎo)，也可由whether，how，why，where, when等來引導(dǎo)。例如：

　　1.She ignored the teachers instruction that she must study hard.

　　2.The question whether or not I should help him in such a case troubled me greatly.

　　初中英語從句知識點總結(jié) 2

　　一．主語從句

　　主語從句是在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語的從句，通常放在主句謂語動詞之前或由形式主語it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。

　　1. It 作形式主語和it引導(dǎo)強調(diào)句的比較

　　It 作形式主語代替主語從句，主要是為了平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu)，主語從句的連接詞沒有變化。而it引導(dǎo)的強調(diào)句則是對句子某一部分進(jìn)行強調(diào)，無論強調(diào)的是什么成分，都可用連詞that。被強調(diào)部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如：

　　It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film.

　　It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.

　　It is in the morning that the murder took place.

　　It is John that broke the window.

　　2. 用it 作形式主語的結(jié)構(gòu)

　　(1) It is ＋名詞＋從句

　　It is a fact that … 事實是…

　　It is an honor that …非常榮幸

　　It is common knowledge that …是常識

　　(2) it is ＋形容詞＋從句

　　It is natural that… 很自然…

　　It is strange that… 奇怪的是…

　　(3) it is ＋不及物動詞＋從句

　　It seems that… 似乎…

　　It happened that… 碰巧…

　　(4) it ＋過去分詞＋從句

　　It is reported that… 據(jù)報道…

　　It has been proved that… 已證實…

　　3. 主語從句不可位于句首的五種情況

　　(1) if 引導(dǎo)的主語從句不可居于復(fù)合句句首。

　　(2) It is said , (reported) …結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語從句不可提前。例如：

　　It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week. (right)

　　That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. (wrong)

　　(3) It happens…, It occurs… 結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語從句不可提前。例如：

　　It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. (right)

　　That he failed in the examination occurred to him. (wrong)

　　(4) It doesn’t matter how/whether …結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語從句不可提前。例如：

　　It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. (right)

　　Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter. (wrong)

　　(5) 含主語從句的復(fù)合句是疑問句時，主語從句不可提前。例如：

　　Is it likely that it will rain in the evening(right)

　　Is that will rain in the evening likely(wrong)

　　4. What 與that 在引導(dǎo)主語從句時的區(qū)別

　　What 引導(dǎo)主語從句時在句時在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分，如主語．賓語．表語，而that 則不然。例如：

　　1) What you said yesterday is right.

　　2) That she is still alive is a consolation.

　　二．賓語從句

　　賓語從句就是在復(fù)合句中作賓語的名詞性從句，通常放在主句謂語動詞（及物動詞）或介詞之后。

　　1. 作動詞的賓語

　　(1) 由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句（that 通�？梢允÷裕�,例如：

　　I heard that be joined the army.

　　(2) 由what, whether (if) 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，例如：

　　1) She did not know what had happened.

　　2) I wonder whether you can change this note for me.

　　(3) 動詞＋間接賓語＋賓語從句。例如：

　　She told me that she would accept my invitation.

　　2. 作介詞的賓語

　　例如：Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another.

　　3. 作形容詞的賓語

　　例如：I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake.

　　That 引導(dǎo)的從句常跟在下列形容詞后作賓語：

　　Anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等。也可以將此類詞后的that 從句的看作原因狀語從句。

　　4. It 可以作為形式賓語

　　It 不僅可以作為形式主語，還可以作為形式賓語而真正的賓語that 從句則放在句尾，特別是在帶復(fù)合賓語的句子中。例如：

　　We heard it that she would get married next month..

　　5. 后邊不能直接跟that 從句的動詞

　　這類動詞有Allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。這類詞后可以用不定式或動名詞作賓語，但不可以用that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。例如：

　　I admire their winning the match. (right)

　　I admire that they won the match. (wrong)

　　6. 不可用that從句作直接賓語的動詞

　　有些動詞不可用于“動詞＋間接賓語＋that從句“結(jié)構(gòu)中，常見的有Envy, order, accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate等。例如：

　　He impressed the manager as an honest man. (right)

　　He impressed the manager that he was an honest man. (wrong)

　　7. 否定的轉(zhuǎn)移

　　若主句謂語動詞為Think, consider, wuppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的賓語從句若含有否定意義，一般要把否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語上，從句謂語用肯定式。例如：

　　I don’t think this dress fits you well.（我認(rèn)為這件衣服不適合你穿。）

　　三．表語從句

　　表語從句在復(fù)合句中作表語的名詞性從句，放在系動詞之后，一般結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語＋連系動詞＋表語從句”�？梢越颖碚Z從句的連系動詞有be, look, remain, seem等。引導(dǎo)表語從句的that�？墒÷浴Ａ硗�，常用的還有the reason is that… 和It is because 等結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：

　　1) The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time.

　　2) This is why we can’t get the support of the people

　　3) But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes.

　　4) The reason he is late for school is that he missed the early bus.

　　四．同位語從句

　　同位語從句就是在復(fù)合句中作名詞的同位語的名詞性從句。

　　1. 同位語從句的功能

　　同位語從句對于名詞進(jìn)一步解釋，說明名詞的具體內(nèi)容，一般由that引導(dǎo)，例如：

　　1) The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.

　　2) The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general.

　　2. 同位語在句子中的位置

　　同位語從句有時可以不緊跟在它所說明的名詞后面，而是被別的詞隔開。例如：

　　He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.

　　3. 同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別

　　(1) 定語從句中的that既代替先行詞，同時以在從句中作某個成分（主語或賓語），而同位語從句中的that是連詞，只起連接主句與從句的作用，不充當(dāng)句中任何成分。

　　(2) 定語從句是形容詞性的，其功能是修飾先行詞，對先行詞加以限定，描述定的性質(zhì)或特征；同位語從句是名詞性的，其功能是對名詞進(jìn)行補充說明。例如：

　　1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.（他告訴我的消息是湯姆明年將出國。）（第一個that引導(dǎo)的從句是定語從句，that在從句中作賓語）

　　2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.（湯姆將出國的消息是他講的。）（同位語從句，that在句中不作任何成分）

　　初中英語從句知識點總結(jié) 3

　　PART1：英語從句三大類型按一般說法，可分為三大類14種從句。

　　一、名詞性從句

　　1、主語從句Whether its right or not remains to be seen.

　　2、賓語從句I wonder whether its right or not.

　　3、同位語從句This is a question whether its right or not.

　　4、表語從句The question is whether its right or not.

　　二、定語從句

　　1、限定性定語從句She is the student who can speak English well.

　　2、非限定性定語從句She is the student,who can speak English well.

　　三、狀語從句

　　1、時間狀語從句The fact will come out when he comes here.

　　2、地點狀語從句You can go wherever you like.

　　3、原因狀語從句Pay more attention to your lessons because you are a student.

　　4、方式狀語從句He walks as if he were a king.

　　5、目的狀語從句She went to Japan so that she could learn Japanese well.

　　6、結(jié)果狀語從句She went to Japan so that she learned Japanese well.

　　7、條件狀語從句I will understand it if he tells me.

　　8、讓步狀語從句He knows a lot though he is little.

　　PART2：經(jīng)典名詞性從句

　　主語從句(subject clauses)在復(fù)合句中起主語作用的從句叫主語從句。引導(dǎo)主語從句的詞有從屬連詞、、關(guān)系代詞、連接副詞等。引導(dǎo)主語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有從屬連詞that、whether，關(guān)系代詞：who, what, which , whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever；關(guān)系副詞：when, where, how, why, however, whenever, wherever等。

　　That you don’t like himis none of my business.你不喜歡她不管我的事。

　　What he saidis true. 他說的是真的。

　　Do you rememberhow he arrived almost at the end of the party?你記得他幾乎是在宴會快結(jié)束時才到的嗎？ This partys reallywhere its at, man! 啊，這個晚會真棒！

　　Tell ushow you fulfilled the heavy task ahead of schedule.告訴我們,你們是怎樣提前完成這一艱巨任務(wù)的。

　　We have reason to believethat the fighting on the border may develop into a full-blown war.(喻)我們有理由相信邊境上的沖突可能發(fā)展成一場全面戰(zhàn)爭。

　　He saidthat he would come. 他說他要來。

　　Whether the football game will be playeddepends on the weather.足球比賽是否舉行將視天氣而定。

　　表語從句用作表語的從句叫作表語從句，它位于主句中的連系動詞之后。引導(dǎo)表語從句的詞有從屬連詞that、whether、as though(if)；關(guān)系代詞who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等；關(guān)系副詞when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever等。可以接表語從句的連系動詞由be, look, remain, seem等。That引導(dǎo)表語從句時，在口語中，間或可以省略。

　　The trouble isthat we are short of money.困難是我們資金短缺。

　　That iswhy stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields.這就是為什么在新英格蘭用石頭墻而不用柵欄的原因。

　　At that time, it seemedas if I couldnt think of the right word anyhow.當(dāng)時,我似乎怎么也想不出一個恰當(dāng)?shù)淖盅蹃怼?/p>

　　賓語從句(object clauses)用作賓語的從句叫做賓語從句。賓語從句的位置與陳述句基本結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語相同。賓語從句可作謂語動詞的賓語，也可以作介詞和非謂語動詞（動詞不定式、動名詞、分詞）和某些形容詞的賓語。賓語從句可以由從屬連詞that whether、if，關(guān)系代詞what, who, whose, which和關(guān)系副詞when、where、how、why等引導(dǎo)。

　　He saidhe wanted to go to town. 他說他想去城里。

　　I hopeyoull be better soon.我希望你能很快好起來。

　　I’m so gladthat you were able to come to this party.你能設(shè)法抽空出席這個交際會，我很高興。

　　I know nothing about it exceptwhat I have read in the papers.除了在報上讀到的以外,我對這件事一無所知。

　　Most of the Chinese people usually go to work on the bike exceptwhen it rains.除了雨天,大多數(shù)中國人一般都騎自行車上班。

　　He asked mewhether she was coming. 他問我，她來還是不來。

　　同位語從句用作同位語的從句叫同位語從句。它一般跟在抽象名詞fact，idea，news，hope，belief，thought，truth，doubt，suggestion，warning, instruction，reason，information, question等之后，對這些名詞進(jìn)行說明或解釋。引導(dǎo)同位語從句的詞除連詞that，whether外，還有關(guān)系代詞what, which, who, 以及關(guān)系副詞how，when，where，why等。

　　It is a factthat smoking is a danger to health.吸煙危害健康，這是事實。

　　I have no ideawhat you mean.我一點兒也不明白你的意思。

　　He made the suggestionthat we go by train. 他建議我們坐火車去。

　　There is no doubtthat he is guilty. 毫無疑問，他是有罪的。

　　PART3：經(jīng)典定語從句

　　1.窗戶朝南的那間房間是我的。

　　The room whose window faces south is mine.=The room of which the window faces south is mine.

　　1.整座城市躺在廢墟中，其中百分子75的工廠和大樓消失不見了。

　　The whole city, 75% of whose factories and buildings were gone, lay in ruins.

　　2.我們公司有2000工人，三分之二是女工。

　　Our company has 2000 workers, of whom two thirds/ two thirds of whom are women.

　　3.那些被困在廢墟里的人已經(jīng)得救了。

　　Those who were trapped under the ruins finally got rescued.

　　4.你們剛才談?wù)摰哪菆龅卣鸷每膳卵剑?/p>

　　The earthquake that you were talking about sounded frightening/shocking.=The earthquake about which you were talking sounded frightening.

　　5.我的家人都是音樂愛好者，今晚將去看電影。

　　My family, all of whom are music lovers, are going to the movie tonight.

　　6.我們正在看的這幢大樓過去曾經(jīng)是一家醫(yī)院。

　　The building which we are looking at used to be a hospital.

　　7.約翰向母親說起過把他在國外見過的人和城市。

　　John once talked to his mom about the people and cities that he had visited abroad.

　　8.他是去過倫敦的一位以觀光者之一。

　　He is one of the tourists who have been to London.

　　9.他是這些觀光者當(dāng)中唯一去過倫敦的。

　　He is the only one of the visitors that/who has been to London.

　　10.這就是你們上個禮拜參觀過的學(xué)校嗎？

　　Is this the school that you visited last Sunday?

　　11.這所學(xué)校就是你們上個禮拜參觀過的那所嗎？

　　Is this school the one that you visited last Sunday?

　　12.他們曾經(jīng)居住過的是在這個地方里。

　　It is in this place that he once lived.

　　13.這是他們曾經(jīng)住過的地址。

　　It is the place where he once lived.

　　14.他有兩個兒子，每一位都看起來像他。

　　He has two sons, either of whom looks like him.

　　15.他有連個兒子，并且每一個都看起來像他。

　　He has two sons, and either of them looks like him.

　　16.這是一本封面是藍(lán)色的書。

　　17.This is a book whose cover is blue.=This is a book,of which the cover is blue=This is a book,the cover of which is blue.

　　18.他不說令她生氣的話。He said nothing that made her angry.

　　19.那就是他拒絕在會上發(fā)言的理由。That was the reason why/for which he refused to speak at the meeting. =That was the reason which/that he refused to speak for at the meeting.

　　20.那就是前幾天麥克給我的理由。

　　That was the reason that/which Mac gave me.

　　21.正如我們大家都知道的一樣，比爾蓋茨創(chuàng)建了微軟公司。

　　As is known to us all, Bill Gates founded Microsoft on his own.

　　22.比爾蓋茨創(chuàng)建了微軟公司是我們大家都知道的。

　　It is known to us all that Bill Gates founded Microsoft on his own.=That Bill Gates founded his own Microsoft is known to us all.

　　23.是他那夾雜著鄉(xiāng)村音樂，布魯斯音樂和福音的風(fēng)格成就了他的名氣。你是同誰一起去看的電影？

　　It is his voice, with his country, blues and Gospel styles, that made him famous. Who was it that you went to the movie together with?=With whom was it that you went to the movie together..

　　24.他不像是那種把工作留下一半的那種人。

　　He isn’t such a man as would leave his work half done.

　　25.我要用與你們工廠里用過相同的那種工具。

　　I prefer to use the same tools as were used in your factory.

　　26.我丟了一本書，書名我一時記不起來了。

　　I have lost a book whose title escapes me at the moment.=I lost a book,of which the title escapes me at the moment.

　　27.像你在讀的那本小說我不欣賞。

　　I don’t enjoy such a book as you are reading.=I don’t appreciate the same book as you are reading.

　　28.擦黑板的那一位應(yīng)該受到表揚

　　The one who cleans the blackboard should be praised.。

　　29.我在初中度過的那三年我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記。

　　I will never forget the three years that I spent in the junior middle school

　　30.那不是我做事情的方法。

　　That isn’t the way( in which/that) I do it.

　　31.他們能用不同的方法拼寫單詞，這是你們發(fā)現(xiàn)有趣的方法。

　　They could spell words in different ways which/that you might find interesting.=They could spell words by different means that /which you might find interesting.

　　32.照現(xiàn)在的樣子抄寫這個表達(dá)詞語，不要有任何更改。

　　Copy this expression as it is; don’t make any change.

　　33.我們將嘗試著幫助家長改善他們與孩子交談的方式。

　　We will try to help parents improve the ways (that/in which) they talk with their children.

　　34.只有用這種方法才會停止比爾蓋茨的快速成功。

　　Only in this way/by this means can Bill Gates’ quick success be stopped.=Only in this way/By this means can they stop Bill Gate‘s quick success。

　　35.這位在救援中左腳受傷的士兵，年僅二十歲。

　　The soldier whose left foot got wounded during the rescue is only twenty years old.

　　36.他們破壞法律的方式開始的時候是和平的。

　　At first the ways that/in which they broke the laws were peaceful.

　　PART4：經(jīng)典狀語從句

　　1．條件狀語從句：

　　1）Lets go out for a walkunlessyou are too tired.(除非,若不；相當(dāng)于if---not)

　　即：If you are too tired,we’ll not go out for a walk.

　　2）You may borrow my bookas long asyou keep it clean.(只要，表示條件的唯一性)

　　3）Take your umbrellain caseit rains.（以防---，以免---）

　　4）I can tell you the truthon condition thatyou promise to keep a secret.(條件是---)

　　5）Supposingit rains, shall we continue the sports meeting?(如果,假如)

　　6）He wont be against us in the meetingprovided/providingthat we ask for his advice in advance.(假如,除非以……為條件)

　　7）You will be successful in the interviewonceyou have confidence.(一旦---就--)

　　2.時間狀語從句：

　　1）Whenshe came in, I stopped eating. (當(dāng)---的時候，表示“瞬時動詞”)

　　2）Whilemy wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. (當(dāng)---的時候，was reading是延續(xù)性的動詞，was reading和was watching同時發(fā)生)

　　3）I like playing footballwhileyou like playing basketball.（然而，表示“對比”）

　　4）Aswe was going out, it began to snow.（as強調(diào)句中兩個動作緊接著先后發(fā)生，而不強調(diào)開始下雪的特定時間）

　　5）We always singaswe walk.（as表示“一邊……一邊”）

　　6）Einstein almost knocked me downbeforehe saw me.(“在---之前”或“----才”)

　　7）My father had left for Canadajust beforethe letter arrived.（“剛好在---之前”或“---就”）

　　8）Afteryou think it over, please let me know what you decide.（在---之后）

　　9）Ididntgo to beduntil（till）my father came back.(“直到----才”，主句中的動詞為非延續(xù)性動詞)

　　10）I workeduntilhe came back. (“直到----才”，主句中的動詞為延續(xù)性動詞)

　　11) Where have you beensinceI last saw you? (自從---)

　　12)I will go theredirectlyI have finished my breakfast.(一----就---，另外有immediately, instantly)

　　13)The moment I heard the news, I hastened to the spot. (一----就---，另外有the instant, the minute，ect.)

　　14)As soon asI reachCanada, I will ring you up. (一----就---)

　　15)He hadno soonerarrived homethanhe was asked to start on another journey.(一----就---,另外有hardly/scarcely----when---)

　　16)By the timeyou came back, I had finished this book.(“到---時為止”，從句是一般過去時，主句是過去完成時。)

　　17)By the timeyou come here tomorrow, I will have finished this work. (“到---時為止”，從句是一般現(xiàn)在時，主句是將來完成時。)

　　18)Each timehe came to Harbin, he would call on me.( “每當(dāng)---的時候”或“每次”，復(fù)習(xí)each time, every time和whenever)

　　3．有關(guān)時間狀語從句的重點句型

　　1）It will befour daysbeforethey come back. (It will be--- before---過很久才----)

　　2）It won’t befour daysbeforethey come back.( It won’t be---before---不久就---)

　　2）It was not untilthe meeting was overthathe began to teach me English.(“ It was not until---that----” not until的強調(diào)句型)

　　3）Not untilthe meeting was over did he begin to teach me English.( not until的倒裝句型。)

　　4)It is/has beenfive monthssinceour boss was in Beijing.我們老板離開北京有五個月了。(“It is/has been---since”自從---以來多長時間)

　　5)Hardlyhad I sat downwhenhe stepped in.我剛坐下，他就進(jìn)來了。（“hardly/scarcely----when---”/同“no sooner ---than”注意時態(tài)的應(yīng)用。）

　　4．原因狀語從句

　　1)The sweater shrankbecauseit was washed badly. (強調(diào)“直接原因”)

　　2)Since [As]we’ve no money, we can’t buy it.（由于）

　　3)Sinceyou are free today, you had better help me with my mathematics.（“既然”強調(diào)雙方共知的原因,復(fù)習(xí)“now (that),seeing (that)，considering (that)，in that”）

　　4）He could not have seen me,forI was not there.( for引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句并不說明主句行為發(fā)生的直接原因，只提供一些輔助性的補充說明，for引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句只能放于主句之后并且必須用逗號將其與主句隔開。)

　　5）The country isnotstrongbecauseit is large.國強不在大。(“not ... because”結(jié)構(gòu)中的not否定的是because引導(dǎo)的整個從句)

　　5．結(jié)果狀語從句

　　1)There issorapid an increase in populationthata food shortage is caused.(太---以至于)

　　2) They aresuchfine teachersthatwe all hold them in great respect. (太---以致于)

　　3) It was very cold,so thatthe river froze.（以致于）

　　4)注意狀語從句與too….to..enough to…, so… as to結(jié)構(gòu)的不同。

　　6．目的狀語從句

　　1）You must speak louderso that /in order thatyou can be heard by all.(為了；以便)

　　2）He wrote the name downfor fear that(生怕，以免)he should forget it.

　　3）Better take more clothesin case(以免)the weather is cold.

　　4)Say it louder(so)that everyone can hear you.(以便)

　　7．讓步狀語從句

　　1）Although/Thoughhe was worn out, (still) he kept on working.(雖然，縱然,盡管)

　　2) Objectasyou may, I’ll go.(雖然，縱然，盡管)

　　3)Hardas/ thoughhe works, he makes little progress. (雖然，縱然，盡管)

　　4)Childas/thoughhe was, he knew what was the right thing to do. (雖然，縱然，盡管)

　　5) We’ll make a tripeven if/thoughthe weather is bad. (“即使……”)

　　6) Youll have to attend the ceremonywhether youre freeorbusy. (“不論是否……”，“不管是……還是……”)

　　7)No matter whoyou are, you must keep the law.(=Whoeveryou are, you must keep the law.（無論誰，復(fù)習(xí)no matter +疑問詞引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。）

　　8）WhileI like the colour, I dont like the shape.（盡管）

　　8．方式狀語從句

　　1）Just aswe sweep our rooms,sowe should sweep backward ideas from our minds.

　　2）They completely ignore these factsas if (as though)they never existed.

　　3）說明：as if / as though也可以引導(dǎo)一個分詞短語、不定式短語或無動詞短語，例如：He stared at meas if seeing me for the first time.（他目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地看著我，就像第一次看見我似的。）

　　He cleared his throatas if to say something.（他清了清嗓子，像要說什么似的。）

　　The waves dashed on the rocksas if in anger.（波濤沖擊著巖石，好像很憤怒。）

　　4）Please pronounce the wordthe wayI do.(用---方式)

　　5）Leave the thingsasthey are.(按照---)

　　9．比較狀語從句

　　1）You seem to know musicas well asyou know astronomy.(as---as 結(jié)構(gòu))

　　2）There wasnogardenso lovely ashis in this city. (no so---as 結(jié)構(gòu))

　　3）There were not so many tickets available as were asked for. (not so---as 結(jié)構(gòu))

　　4）Finally he has madeas much money ashe wanted. (as +adj +n.+as 結(jié)構(gòu))

　　5）Your watch is notthe same ashis.(the same as結(jié)構(gòu))

　　6）I never metsucha manasyour younger brother.(such---as 結(jié)構(gòu))

　　7）She studiesmore diligently thanher classmates.(more than結(jié)構(gòu))

　　8）Noother book has had agreaterinfluence on my life.(否定詞和比較級連用表示最高級含義。)

　　9）This teacher explained the problem more clearly thanany other teacher. (比較級與 “any other one”連用表示最高級含義。)

　　10）The more you read, the better will you write.(the more----the more 結(jié)構(gòu))11) He earnedno more than800 dollars a month. 他一個月只掙800美元。（no +比較級+than結(jié)構(gòu)）.

　　10．地點狀語從句

　　1)Wherethere is a will, there is a way.

　　2)You should have put the bookwhereyou found it.

　　3)Whereverthere is smoke , there is fire.

　　4) When you read the book, you’d better make a markwhereyou have any questions.

　　5) You should make it a rule to leave thingswhereyou can find them again

　　初中英語從句知識點總結(jié) 4

　　一、比較狀語從句

　　引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句的從屬連詞為as...as(和……一樣)，not as/so...as(和……不一樣)，than(比)，the more...the more(越……越)。這類從句常以省略形式出現(xiàn)。如：

　　The work is not so difficult as you imagine. 這工作不像你想像的那么困難。

　　You look younger than you are. 你看上去比你的實際年齡要年輕。

　　The more you study, the more knowledge you can get. 你學(xué)的知識越多，你的知識越豐富。

　　He doesn’t work as hard as she (does). 他工作不像她那樣努力。

　　二、方式狀語從句

　　引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句的從屬連詞有as(正如)，as if或as though(好像)等。如：

　　Do as I told you. 按我告訴你的那樣做。

　　As a man lives, so he dies. 正如人能活，也能死。

　　I remember the whole thing as if it happened yesterday. 整個這件事我記得很清楚，就仿佛是昨天發(fā)生似的。

　　注：口語中l(wèi)ike也可用連詞引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句。如：

　　Do it like he does. 照他那樣做。

　　She can’t cook like her mother does. 她菜做得沒有她媽那樣好。

　　初中英語從句知識點總結(jié) 5

　　一、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句

　　1、由who, whom, that，Whose引導(dǎo)的從句

　　這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞，who作主語指人，whom作賓語指人，that既可作主語又可作賓語(作賓語可以省略)，可以指人也可以指物。Whose 用來指人或物，只用作定語。

　　(1) Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他是那個想見你的男人嗎?(who/that在從句中作主語)

　　(2) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天見的那個人。(whom/that在從句中作賓語)

　　(3) The man whom you spoke to just now is our English teacher 你剛剛說話的那個男人是我們的英語老師

　　(4) he man whose son is a doctor is our professor. 那個兒子是醫(yī)生的男人是我們的教授。

　　2、由which, that引導(dǎo)的從句

　　它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語、賓語等，作賓語時可以省略，例如：

　　(1) Prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 農(nóng)村出現(xiàn)了前所未有的繁榮。(which / that在從句中作主語)

　　(2) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿那個包裹快要散開了。(which / that在從句中作賓語)

　　注意：代表物時多用which，但在下列情況中用that而不用which：

　　a)先行詞是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代詞時;

　　b)先行詞由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修飾時，這時的that常被省略;

　　c)先行詞前有序數(shù)詞或被形容詞最高級修飾時;

　　d)先行詞中既有人又有物時;

　　e)整個句中前面已有which，who,that時;

　　f)當(dāng)先行詞為物并作表語時;

　　g)先行詞為one時;

　　h)先行詞同時又被the only,the very,the same修飾時;

　　二、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句

　　1、when指時間在定語從句中做時間狀語也可做連接詞用

　　I still remember the day when I first came to the school.

　　2、where指地點在定語從句中做地點狀語　　 Shanghai is the city where I was born.

　　3、why指原因在定語從句中做原因狀語，用在reason 后面。 Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.

　　初中英語從句知識點總結(jié) 6

　　用一個句子作狀語，這個句子就是狀語從句。狀語從句通常用來修飾句子、動詞或形容詞，表示時間、地點、條件、原因、目的、結(jié)果、方式、比較等。引導(dǎo)狀語從句的連詞叫從屬連詞。

　　時間狀語從句

　　在句中相當(dāng)于時間狀語的從句叫時間狀語從句。時間狀語從句常由從屬連詞when，while，as，before，after，as soon as，since，till，until等引導(dǎo)。如：

　　What are you going to be when you grow up ?你長大以后打算干什么?

　　I will phone you as soon as I get there .我一到那兒就給你打電話。

　　1.引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的從屬連詞及用法

　　(1)when，while，as引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句意為“當(dāng)……時”。如：

　　When the clock struck twelve ，all the lights went out.當(dāng)時鐘敲了十二下，燈全部都熄了。

　　While Peter was reading ，his wife was cooking.彼得看書的時候，他妻子在做飯。

　　He dropped the glass as he stood up .他站起來時，把杯子摔碎了。

　　注意：

　�、賥hen表示“當(dāng)……時”，多用來表示時間點，也可表示時間段;從句中既可以用非延續(xù)性動詞，也可用延續(xù)性動詞;when 從句多用一般過去時，主句時態(tài)沒有限制，根據(jù)具體情況而定;在將來時態(tài)中，常用when引導(dǎo)從句，且從句須用一般現(xiàn)在時代替將來時;when表示時間段時可與while通用，但從句中必須用延續(xù)性動詞。如：

　　I was just reading a book when she came into my room.她走進(jìn)我房間時，我正在看書。

　　When I got to the airport，the guests had left.當(dāng)我趕到飛機場時，客人們已經(jīng)離開了。

　　When the manager comes here for a visit next week，Ill talk with him about this.下周經(jīng)理來這參觀時，我會和他談?wù)劥耸隆?/p>

　�、趙hile表示“當(dāng)……的時候;在……之時;在……期間”，所引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的謂語動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞或表示狀態(tài)的動詞，且通常用進(jìn)行時。如：

　　While my wife was reading the newspaper，I was watching TV.當(dāng)妻子在看報紙的時候，我在看電視。

　　You cant do your homework while youre watching TV.你不能一邊看電視一邊做家庭作業(yè)。

　　③as引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句時，從句的謂語動詞既可以是延續(xù)性的，也可以是非延續(xù)性的。當(dāng)從句中的謂語動詞是延續(xù)性動詞，表示“當(dāng)……的時候”時，往往可以與when或while通用，但as更側(cè)重主句與從句的行為同時發(fā)生，常譯作“隨著……;一邊……，一邊……”。如：

　　Kate read the book as she went along.凱特邊走邊讀書。

　　We took notes as we listened to the lecture.我們邊聽課邊記筆記。

　　(2)before引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句意為“在……之前”。如：

　　Dont jump off the train before it stops.火車停之前不要往下跳。

　　Look at both ways before you cross the road.過馬路之前左右兩邊都要看。

　　I didnt know any English before I came here。我來這兒之前，一點英語都不懂。

　　(3)after引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句意為“在……之后”。如：

　　Ill have a walk after I finish my work.我做完事后要去散步。

　　After he locked the door，he left.他鎖上門之后就走了。

　　注意：

　　為了表明動作的先后，從句中動詞可用過去完成時，主句用一般過去時。如：

　　After he had finished his work，he played a game of chess with his friends.他做完工作后，和朋友下了一會兒棋。

　　(4)until，till引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句意為“直到……為止”。如：

　　They waited till/until I returned.他們一直等到我回來。

　　Mr.Wang kept on explaining until the student understood.王先生反復(fù)地解釋直到學(xué)生聽懂了為止。

　　注意：

　�、賣ntil在肯定句中只與延續(xù)性動詞連用，在否定句中通常與非延續(xù)性動詞連用，表示相應(yīng)動作開始的時間，意為“直到……才”。如：

　　He didnt leave until I came back.直到我回來他才離開。

　�、趖ill用作連詞，與until同義，兩者經(jīng)�？蓳Q用，只是 until 比 till 稍正式。在正式文體中，一般用 until，而在口語或非正式文體中則兩者都可。till多與名詞或較短的從句連用，而較長較復(fù)雜的成分多用 until;在句子開頭時，用 until而不用till。如：

　　She lived in Tokyo till (until)she died.她一直住在東京直到去世。

　　(√)Until he comes back，nothing can be done.在他回來之前，什么也不能做。

　　(×)Till he comes back，nothing can be done.在他回來之前，什么也不能做。

　　(5)since引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句意為“自……以來”

　　Since I left school，I have written to him twice.自從我離開學(xué)校以來，我已經(jīng)給他寫過兩封信。

　　I have not heard from him since he left Shanghai.自從他離開上海以來，我就沒有收到過他的來信。

　　注意：

　　since引起的時間狀語從句通常用一般過去時態(tài)，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。如：

　　Ive worked here since I left school.自我離開學(xué)校以來我一直在這里工作。

　　(6)as soon as引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句意為“一……就……”

　　Ill tell you as soon as I get here.我一到這里就告訴你。

　　I want to see him as soon as he arrives.他一到我就想見他。

　　2.時間狀語從句的時態(tài)

　　(1)當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是一般將來時，由when，before，after，as soon as，until 等連詞引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。如：

　　I ll tell him the good news as soon as I see him.我一見到他，就告訴他這個好消息。

　　The boy will be a writer when he grows up.這個男孩長大后將成為一名作家。

　　(2)當(dāng)主句的謂語含有can，may，must等情態(tài)動詞時，由when，before，after，until，as soon as等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。如：

　　You can go home after you finish your homework.你做完作業(yè)后就可以回家。

　　When the lights are red，the traffic must stop .紅燈亮?xí)r，車輛必須停下。

　　You may wait here before your father comes .在你父親到來之前你可以在這兒等著。

　　(3)當(dāng)主句的謂語是want，hope，wish等動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時形式時，由when，before，after，until，as soon as等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。如：

　　He wants to be a doctor when he grows up.他長大后想當(dāng)一名醫(yī)生。

　　She wants to work in America when she finishes college.她大學(xué)畢業(yè)后想在美國工作。

　　(4)當(dāng)主句是祈使句時，由when，before，after，until等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。如：

　　Dont get off the bus until it stops .公共汽車停下來再下車。

　　Please dont go to bed before you finish your homework.在完成作業(yè)之前，請不要睡覺。

　　(5)當(dāng)主句謂語用一般過去時，由when，before，after，until，as soon as等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句也要用一般過去時。如：

　　They talked about the party after people left .人們離開后，他們談?wù)撨@次晚會情況。

　　(6)當(dāng)before引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句是過去時態(tài)，主句一般用過去完成時，有時也用一般過去時。如：

　　She had learned Japanese for three years before she went to Japan.她去日本之前學(xué)了三年日語。

　　She didnt know me before she came here.她到這里來之前不認(rèn)識我。

　　(7)since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句要用一般過去時，主句的謂語動詞要用延續(xù)性動詞，通常用現(xiàn)在完成時;用非延續(xù)性動詞時，要用否定式。如：

　　He has waited here since you left .自從你走之后他一直在這等著。

　　He hasnt gone to the school since he finished the school.他畢業(yè)后再沒去過學(xué)校。

　　注意：

　　在It is+時間+since從句結(jié)構(gòu)中，主句用一般現(xiàn)在時，從句用一般過去時。如：

　　It is three years since I began to study English.我開始學(xué)英語已經(jīng)有三年了。

　　3.時間狀語從句的位置

　　(1)when，before，after，as，while，as soon as等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的位置可位于句首，也可位于句末。放在句首時，從句后通常用逗號與主句隔開，放在句末時，從句與主句之間一般不用逗號，只在句末用句號或問號。如：

　　When you came to see me，I was ready to leave.你來看我時，我正準(zhǔn)備離開。

　　You called me while I was watching TV.我在看電視時，你給我打了電話。

　　After she cleaned the classroom，she went home.她打掃完教室后回家了。

　　(2)since引起的時間狀語從句通常放在主句的后面。

　　I have learned English since I came to this school.我自從來到這個學(xué)校以來就一直在學(xué)英語。

　　初中英語從句知識點總結(jié) 7

　�。ㄒ唬⿻r間狀語從句

　　表示時間的狀語從句可由when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till (until), since, once, as soon as (或the moment ), by the time, no sooner … than, hardly (scarcely) … when, every time等引導(dǎo)。

　　e.g. When I came into the office, the teachers were having a meeting.

　　He started as soon as he received the news.

　　Once you see him, you will never forget him.

　　No sooner had I gone to bed than I went to sleep.

　�。ǘ┰驙钫Z從句

　　原因狀語從句是表示原因或理由的，引導(dǎo)這類從句的最常用的連詞是because, since, as , now that(既然)等，for 表示因果關(guān)系時(它引導(dǎo)的不是從句)為并列連詞，語氣不如because強。

　　e.g. He is disappointed because he didnt get the position.

　　As it is raining, I will not go out.

　　Now that you mention it, I do remember.

　　（三）地點狀語從句

　　引導(dǎo)地點狀語從句的連詞是where 和wherever等。

　　e.g. Sit wherever you like.

　　Make a mark where you have a question.

　�。ㄋ模┠康臓钫Z從句

　　引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句最常用的詞(組)是so, so that(從句謂語常有情態(tài)動詞), in order that, in case(以防，以免)等。

　　e.g. Speak clearly, so that they may understand you.

　　She has bought the book in order that she could follow the TV lessons.

　　He left early in case he should miss the train.

　�。ㄎ澹┙Y(jié)果狀語從句

　　結(jié)果狀語從句是表示事態(tài)結(jié)果的從句，通常主句是原因，從句是結(jié)果。由so that (從句謂語一般沒有情態(tài)動詞), so … that, such … that等引導(dǎo)。

　　e.g. She was ill, so that she didn’t attend the meeting.

　　He was so excited that he could not say a word.

　　She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her.

　　（六）條件狀語從句

　　條件狀語從句分真實性(有可能實現(xiàn)的事情)與非真實性(條件與事實相反或者在說話者看來不大可能實現(xiàn)的事情)條件句。引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的詞(組)主要有if, unless, so (as) long as, on condition that, so (as) far as, if only ( = if )。注意：條件從句中的if 不能用whether替換。

　　e.g. If he is not in the office, he must be out for lunch.

　　You may borrow the book so long as you keep it clean.

　　So far as I know(據(jù)我所知), he will be away for three months.

　　You can go swimming on condition that ( = if ) you don’t go too far away from the river bank.

　　If he had come a few minutes earlier, he could have seen her.

　　初中英語從句知識點總結(jié) 8

　　定語從句做題三步法：

　　1. 找出先行詞

　　2. 看先行詞在定語從句中的語法功能

　　3.選擇合適的關(guān)系詞

　　4.缺成分，用代詞;不缺成分，用副詞。

　　關(guān)系副詞的選擇：