英語畢業(yè)論文開題報告范文
下面是一篇英語論文的開題報告范文，雖然不是特別好，但也反應(yīng)了開題報告的格式和寫法，有一定的借鑒價值。
Function and Application of Descriptive Translation Studies
1 Introduction
The intention of this study is to explore possible advantages of Descriptive Translation Studies as in its application in translation practice and translation analysis.
Since early 20th century, translation studies gradually broke away from the marginal status within other related disciplines and established itself as an empirical science. From then on, schools of thought have kept coming out and each claims its legitimacy for existence. Among these schools is Descriptive Translation Studies (DTS).
DTS approaches translation from an empirical perspective. Translation is viewed to be a social activity having significant importance in the receiving culture and for the target community. Therefore, translation is dealt with beyond the linguistic realization and language comparison, and is incorporated in social and cultural context.
My attention was first directed to DTS by its peculiar characteristic of observation, description and explanation. The subject is whatever happens in translation practice, from the determination of prospective function of translation to the process of translator’s choice of strategies, brainstorming and the revision, to the final product making appearance in the target community.
The method of DTS is basically descriptive. The prescriptive tendency and the problem-solution pattern is abandoned. Translation phenomena are noted down. With accumulated data, some underlying truths about translation will come out which will prove to be instructive not only for theoretical probe but also for applied translation practice. I will apply this descriptive method in the case study of this thesis.
A convenient tool has been set up to conduct DTS. “Norm” is operative at every stage of description and explanation. Function, process and product and their relationship as well are skeletal structure of what constitute descriptive studies. Translation phenomena are accounted for with the help of norm.
The case taken in this thesis is the Chinese classic The Dream of Red Mansions. Two English versions translated respectively by Yang Hsien-yi and David Hawks are compared and observations are made in regard to their translation approaches.
In this regard, my observations are limited to several aspects, I hope in-depth observation and explanation will done in light of DTS.
2 Outline
2.1 Development and major concepts of DTS
In this part I will describe Holms’ basic map of DTS and the relationship between function, process and product. I will also discuss some important concepts such as pseudo-translation, multiple translation, translationese, norm etc.
2.2 Methodolgy
I will in this part discuss the methodology of DTS before I apply the same to the case study in this thesis with emphasis to be placed on semiotic approach and the concept norm.
2.3 DTS in contrast to other theories
A contrast study will be conducted here with the objective to find the difference of DTS from other theories such as equivalence theory and the Chinese Xin Da Ya criteria. Some advantage will possibly be shown in this study.
2.4 Case study
In this part, translation of The Dream of Red Mansions (also translated as The Story of The Stone) will be under investigation in light of DTS. Translation samples to be quoted here will be selected at random.
2.5 Conclusion
Based on the above elaboration of DTS and the case study, possible conclusion will be on the advantage of DTS in specific study of translation. Suggestions on further research efforts will be made also.
(Note: While the topic will remain the same, the above arrangement of contents is subject to change in the process of writing.)
附錄2- 引文范例(僅供參考)
“It is therefore pointless to try to make TC more scientific than is sensible in view of its complex subject-matter and available methods. Translating is a mental, multi-factorial activity which cannot exhaustively be investigated within a linguistic framework ignoring the person of the translator.”(Wilss, 1982: 217)
附錄3- 參考文獻范例(僅供參考)
Wilss, Wolfram. The Science of Translation – Problems and Methods. Gunter Narr Verlag Tubingen,1982.
Newmark, Peter. A Textbook of Translation. New York: Prentice Hall, 1988.
Delabastita, Dirk. Translating Puns: A false Opposition in Translation Studies. Target, 1991(3:2):137-152.
張南峰(譯). 王爾德戲劇選. 福州：海峽文藝出版社，1990.
戴煒棟. 構(gòu)建具有中國特色的英語教學(xué)“一條龍”體系，外語教學(xué)與研究，2001(5).
附錄4- 封面范例(僅供參考)(中文)
對外經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文
論品牌名稱翻譯的特殊性
專 業(yè)：
研究方向：
作 者：
導(dǎo) 師：
寫作時間： —
對外經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易大學(xué)
英語學(xué)院
(英文)
School of International Studies
University of International Business and Economics
Pragmatic Strategies
in Advertising: Implicatures
Wang Ying
A thesis submitted to School of International Studies of
University of International Business and Economics
In partial fulfillment of the requirement
For the degree of Master of Arts
April 2002
Beijing, China
免費開題報告范文
論文題目：中國上市公司效績評價體系的探討
一、課題研究的意義
我國上市公司對我國的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展起到越來越重要的作用，截止2001年底，我國上市公司已達到1174家，總股本超過5050億，其中國家股和國有法人股328億，市價總值高達5.55萬億元，約占國民生產(chǎn)總值的48%，約有股民6800萬人，約占城鎮(zhèn)人口的40%,資本市場規(guī)模越來越大。據(jù)統(tǒng)計，截止2001年底，我國國有控股上市公司所有者權(quán)益10547億元，實現(xiàn)利潤1519億元，分別占全國國有及國有控股企業(yè)的32%和63%，國有上市公司已成為我國各行業(yè)中的龍頭企業(yè)，在國有資產(chǎn)質(zhì)量上，上市公司已成為優(yōu)良資產(chǎn)的富區(qū)，同時上市公司也成為中國人投資的主要領(lǐng)域。隨著我國資本市場的發(fā)展和完善，上市公司不僅會得到更大更快的發(fā)展，而且會顯示出更重要的作用。但也不 可否認(rèn)，在我國上市公司發(fā)展過程中，也出現(xiàn)了一些問題：一是上市公司整體業(yè)績下滑，競爭力下降，據(jù)資料反映，2001年我國上市公司加權(quán)平均每股收益為0.1369元，比上年同期下降31.04%,加權(quán)平均凈資產(chǎn)收益率為5.53%,比上年同期下降22.55%,有151家公司虧損,虧損面為12.67%，較上年又進一步擴大;二是部分上市公司內(nèi)部違規(guī)現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重，據(jù)了解，2001年有100家上市公司因各種違規(guī)問題而受到證監(jiān)委和其他有關(guān)部門的查處;一些上市公司會計信息嚴(yán)重失真，虛增業(yè)績，大肆“圈錢”，極大地打擊了投資者對上市公司的信心;三是二級市場投機行為盛行，一些機構(gòu)操縱股價，牟取高利，嚴(yán)重地擾亂了市場秩序。為了解決我國上市公司發(fā)展中出現(xiàn)的問題，就需要在市場經(jīng)濟條件下，更好地有效發(fā)揮政府的監(jiān)管職能和社會的監(jiān)督職能，加快建立上市公司的優(yōu)勝劣汰機制，全面凈化證券市場的環(huán)境。要實現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)，有效的手段之一是建立上市公司的效績評價體系。
目前，國家有關(guān)部門已經(jīng)對我國國有企業(yè)制定了效績評價制度，并正在逐步推開,但在我國上市公司中還沒有建立這項制度，所以本文的研究是有實際意義的。
二.本文研究的內(nèi)容
本文擬從四個方面探討上市公司效績評價體系的建立。
第一部分主要從六個方面闡述建立我國上市公司效績評價體系的意義，這六個方面是：
(一)有利于國家對上市公司的監(jiān)管
(二)有利于推動上市公司建立科學(xué)的約束和激勵機制。
(三)有助于對上市公司經(jīng)營者業(yè)績的全面考核。
(四)有利于引導(dǎo)上市公司的經(jīng)營行為。
(五)有利于增強上市公司的形象意識。
(六)有助于投資者的理性投資。
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